English-Grammar
Formation of Adjectives
The words that add a description to a sentence
and alter nouns are known as Adjectives. The words that describe a name, place,
person, animal, thing or that depicts the number of the noun are known as adjectives.
Adjectives
could be any single or compound word that modifies the noun.
Formation of Adjectives
Adjectives
can be formed from nouns, verbs, and other adjectives.
Formation
of Adjectives from Nouns:
Adjectives
can be formed from nouns by adding suffixes to a noun.
If
the noun has an ‘e’ in the ending, it is removed and -y or -al or -ial is added
as a suffix to the noun to form an adjective.
If
the noun has a ‘y’ in the ending, it is removed and the suffix -lyor -ish or
-ic is added to form an adjective.
Examples:
Luck
- Lucky
Hair
- Hairy
Storm
- Stormy
Length
- Lengthy
Accident
- Accidental
Nature
- Natural
Magic
- Magical
Commerce
- Commercial
Finance
- Financial
Man
- Manly
Human
- Humanly
King
- Kingly
Girl
- Girlish
Child
- Childish
Book
- Bookish
Tragedy
- Tragic
Artist
- Artistic
Mystery
- Mysterious
Fame
- Famous
Miracle
- Miraculous
Trouble
- Troublesome
Question
- Questionable
Laugh
- Laughable
Beauty
- Beautiful
It
was very childish of her to behave like that in front of the audience.
My
younger brother is the most troublesome of the lot.
Formation
of Adjectives from Verbs:
Suffixes
like ‘-y’, ‘-able’, ‘-ous’, ‘-al’, ‘-ful’, ‘-ic’, ‘-less’, ‘-ing’ and ‘-ive’
can be added to verbs to form adjectives.
Examples:
Speed
- speedy
Read
- readable
Enjoy
- enjoyable
shake
- shakable
laugh
- laughable
continue
- continuous
judge
- judgmental
hate
- hateful
help
- helpful
forget
- forgetful
see
- scenic
tire
- tireless
create
- creative
talk
- talkative
annoy
- annoying
amuse
- amusing
Switzerland
is a very scenic place.
Arvind
is a very annoying person.
Formation
of Adjectives from Other Adjectives:
An
adjective is formed from another adjective by adding suffix like ‘-ly’, ‘-ive’,
‘-al’, ‘-ish’, ‘-ier’, ‘-est’.
Examples:
Weak
- weakly
Correct
- corrective
Comic
- comical
Green
– greenish
Red
- reddish
Easy
- easier
Funny
- funnier
Fine
- finest
The
sky was reddish in the evening.
My
brother is funnier than I expected him to be.
Formation
of Compound Adjectives:
When
two or more adjectives join together to modify the same noun they are known as
compound adjectives. They are separated with a hyphen.
The
two words used to form a compound adjective can be a combination of:
Number
+ noun
Adjective
+ noun
Noun
+ adjective
Noun
+ present/past participle
Adjective
+ past participle
Examples:
Arvind
is going on a two-week vacation.
They
stay in a twenty-story building.
It
was a last-minute plan.
There was a ten-minute delay in the meeting.
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