English
Grammar
Numbers (Determiners)
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Numbers,
as determiners in grammar, are words that provide information about the
quantity or the position of a noun in a sentence. They help to specify whether
a noun is singular or plural, and they can indicate a specific quantity or an
indefinite amount.
Numbers
can be classified into two main types: cardinal numbers and ordinal numbers.
Cardinal
numbers: Cardinal numbers are used to indicate the quantity or
number of nouns. They answer questions such as "how many?" or
"how much?"
Some
examples of cardinal numbers are:
One,
two, three, four, five
Ten,
twenty, thirty, forty, fifty
Hundred,
thousand, million, billion
Examples:
I
have three books.
She
bought five apples.
We
need ten chairs for the meeting.
Ordinal
numbers: Ordinal numbers are used to indicate the position or
order of nouns in a sequence. They answer questions such as "which
one?" or "what order?"
Some
examples of ordinal numbers are:
First,
second, third, fourth, fifth
Tenth,
twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth, fiftieth
Hundredth,
thousandth, millionth, billionth
Examples:
He
finished in second place.
This
is the third time I've visited this city.
The fifteenth
chapter of the book is the most interesting.
In
addition to cardinal and ordinal numbers, there are also other types of numbers
such as fractions, decimals, and percentages, which are used to express parts
or proportions of a whole.
It's
important to note that numbers can function as both determiners and nouns in a
sentence. For example, "I have three" uses "three" as a
noun, while "I have three books" uses "three" as a
determiner.
Rules for Numbers (Determiners)
Agreement
with the noun: Cardinal numbers should agree with the noun
they modify in terms of singular or plural form. If the noun is singular, use a
singular cardinal number, and if the noun is plural, use a plural cardinal
number.
Examples:
One
book (singular)
Three
books (plural)
Position
in the sentence: Generally, cardinal numbers come before the
noun they modify. However, when indicating order or sequence, ordinal numbers
usually come before the noun.
Examples:
She
has two cats. (Cardinal number)
The third
chapter is the longest. (Ordinal number)
Use
of articles: When a cardinal or ordinal number is used
before a singular countable noun, an article is typically used. The choice of
article depends on whether the noun starts with a consonant or a vowel sound.
Examples:
I
have a one-year-old son. (Indefinite article "a" before the
cardinal number)
She
is the second speaker. (Definite article "the" before the
ordinal number)
Hyphenation:
When cardinal or ordinal numbers are used as compound adjectives to modify a
noun, they are often hyphenated.
Examples:
A twenty-first-century
invention.
A five-pound
bag of rice.
Plural
forms of numbers: When expressing plural forms of numbers, add
an "s" to the cardinal number.
Examples:
I
have tens of books.
They
won by hundreds of points.
Fractions,
decimals, and percentages: When using fractions, decimals, or
percentages as determiners, they are generally followed by the noun they
modify.
Examples:
Half
an hour (fraction)
2.5
kilograms (decimal)
50%
discount (percentage)
Remember
that specific style guides or language conventions may have additional rules or
variations for using numbers as determiners.
Examples of Numbers (Determiners)
Cardinal
Numbers:
I
have three dogs.
There
are five people waiting in line.
She
ate twelve cookies.
Ordinal
Numbers:
He
finished in second place.
This
is the third time I've visited this museum.
The fourth
book on the shelf is mine.
Fractions:
She
ate half of the pizza.
Two-thirds of
the class passed the exam.
I
have a quarter of an apple left.
Decimals:
The
car traveled 2.5 kilometers.
The
temperature dropped by 0.3 degrees.
The
product is on sale for 20.99 dollars.
Percentages:
The
discount is 50% off.
He
scored 85% on the test.
The
tax rate is 7.5%.
Plural
Forms:
I
bought dozens of eggs.
They
have hundreds of books in their library.
We
saw thousands of stars in the night sky.
These
examples demonstrate the various uses of numbers as determiners in different
contexts.
Exercise:
1
Fill
in the blanks with the appropriate number determiner (cardinal or ordinal) to
complete the sentences. Choose the correct form and position of the number determiner
based on the context.
I
have ________ brothers and ________ sister.
She
is ________ tallest student in the class.
This
is the ________ time I've visited this museum.
There
are ________ students in the classroom.
He
finished in ________ place in the race.
They
have ________ dogs and ________ cats.
The
recipe calls for ________ teaspoon of salt.
I
need to buy ________ dozen eggs.
He
scored ________ on the test.
The
discount is ________ off the original price.
Answers:
I
have two brothers and one sister.
She
is the tallest student in the class.
This
is the third time I've visited this museum.
There
are ten students in the classroom.
He
finished in second place in the race.
They
have three dogs and five cats.
The
recipe calls for half a teaspoon of salt.
I
need to buy a dozen eggs.
He
scored ninety-five on the test.
The
discount is 20% off the original price.
2
Fill
in the blanks with the appropriate number determiner (cardinal or ordinal) to
complete the sentences:
She
bought ________ apples from the store.
We
need to book ________ hotel rooms for the conference.
The
________ chapter of the book is the most exciting.
There
were ________ people at the party.
He
is ________ person I turn to for advice.
I
have ________ friends coming over for dinner.
The
recipe requires ________ cup of flour.
They
have ________ cars in their garage.
The
price increased by ________ percent.
I
have been to ________ countries in my lifetime.
Answers:
She
bought three apples from the store.
We
need to book ten hotel rooms for the conference.
The
seventh chapter of the book is the most exciting.
There
were fifty people at the party.
He
is the first person I turn to for advice.
I
have five friends coming over for dinner.
The
recipe requires one cup of flour.
They
have two cars in their garage.
The
price increased by twenty-five percent.
I
have been to seven countries in my lifetime.
3
Complete
the following sentences by using the appropriate number determiner (cardinal or
ordinal):
She
won ________ prize in the competition.
They
bought ________ tickets to the concert.
The
marathon runners completed ________ kilometers.
The
team won the championship ________ times in a row.
I
have ________ cousins who live in that city.
The
survey found that ________ percent of people prefer tea over coffee.
We
had ________ inches of snowfall last winter.
It
took him ________ hours to finish the project.
The
store offers a discount of ________ percent on selected items.
She
scored ________ goal in the soccer match.
Answers:
She
won the first prize in the competition.
They
bought four tickets to the concert.
The
marathon runners completed twenty-six kilometers.
The
team won the championship three times in a row.
I
have six cousins who live in that city.
The
survey found that seventy percent of people prefer tea over coffee.
We
had twelve inches of snowfall last winter.
It
took him eight hours to finish the project.
The
store offers a discount of thirty percent on selected items.
She
scored a goal in the soccer match.
4
I
have ________ books on my shelf.
a) a
b)
one
c)
first
d)
an
Answer:
b) one
He
is the ________ student to arrive at the party.
a)
fifth
b)
five
c)
fifthly
d)
fiveth
Answer:
a) fifth
They
have ________ children.
a)
three
b)
third
c)
thrice
d)
thirds
Answer:
a) three
I
need ________ cup of sugar for the recipe.
a) a
b)
an
c)
the
d)
one
Answer:
d) one
The
store offers a discount of ________ percent on selected items.
a)
fifty
b)
fiftieth
c)
fifties
d)
fiftieths
Answer:
a) fifty
I
have ________ cats.
a)
five
b)
fifth
c)
fifty
d)
fifths
Answer:
a) five
She
is the ________ person to solve the puzzle.
a)
eighth
b)
eight
c)
eightieth
d)
eighties
Answer:
a) eighth
There
are ________ students in the classroom.
a)
thirty
b)
third
c)
thirtieth
d)
thirties
Answer:
a) thirty
I
need ________ dozen eggs.
a) a
b)
an
c)
the
d)
a/an (both are correct)
Answer:
d) a/an (both are correct)
The
team won the championship ________ times in a row.
a)
ten
b)
tenth
c)
tens
d)
tenths
Answer:
b) tenth
"Numbers Unveiled: A Linguistic Symphony"
In
the realm of language, let us explore,
A
poetic ode to numbers, let it soar.
Determiners
they are, with significance profound,
Guiding
nouns and counting the world around.
Cardinal
numbers, they bring quantity to light,
One,
two, three, shining so bright.
Counting
apples, stars, and endless seas,
They
reveal the magnitude that our world sees.
Ordinal
numbers, they mark position and order,
First,
second, third, as stories unfold with fervor.
From
the beginning to the final endeavor,
They
guide us through life's intricate endeavor.
One
and only, or a multitude immense,
Numbers
shape our language, in every sense.
Determining
singular or plural, their role so clear,
They
give structure to our words, year after year.
Half,
quarter, a fraction of a whole,
Numbers
divide, revealing a hidden toll.
Decimals,
percentages, precise and refined,
They
express parts and proportions, intertwined.
Hyphenated
compounds, they form with grace,
Twenty-first,
fifty-fifth, as language we embrace.
Numbers
as adjectives, they modify with flair,
Adding
depth and meaning, creating a poetic air.
In
poetry's realm, numbers find their place,
As
determiners, they bring rhythm and grace.
From
counting stars in a twinkling sky,
To
ordering verses as they dance by.
So
let us celebrate numbers, their linguistic might,
Determiners
that guide our words just right.
In
the tapestry of language, they leave their mark,
Numbers
as determiners, illuminating the dark.
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